Working principle of 4WE10 single-head solenoid reversing valve

The 4WE10 single-head solenoid directional valve controls the movement of the valve core through electromagnetic force to switch the oil flow direction. Its working principle and core features are as follows:

1. Working principle

Structural composition

Valve body: There is a closed cavity inside, with through holes at different positions (such as oil inlet P, working oil port A/B, oil return port T), and the valve core is in the middle of the cavity.

Electromagnet: There is an electromagnet (coil + armature) at each end of the valve body, which generates electromagnetic force when energized.

Return spring: cooperates with the electromagnet to push the valve core back to the initial position when the power is cut off.

Valve core: moves under the action of electromagnetic force and spring force to change the connection state of the oil port.

working process

Power-off state: The return spring keeps the valve core in the middle position (neutral function). At this time, the oil port may be closed or in a specific connected state (such as P port closed, A/B port connected to T port).

Power on status:

If the solenoid on the right side is energized, the electromagnetic force pushes the valve core to move to the left through the push rod, connecting port P to port A, and port B to port T. The oil flows from P→A, and the oil in port B flows back to port T.

If the left electromagnet is energized, the valve core moves to the right, port P is connected to port B, port A is connected to port T, the oil flows from P→B, and the oil in port A returns to port T.

Power-off reset: After the electromagnetic force disappears, the spring pushes the valve core back to the middle position and restores the initial oil port state.

2. Core features

Quick response

After the electromagnet is energized, the valve core moves within milliseconds to achieve rapid switching of oil flow direction, which is suitable for scenarios that require high-frequency reversal (such as automated production lines, hydraulic presses, etc.).

High reliability

The matching gap between the valve core and the valve body is extremely small (0.02–0.05mm), which reduces internal leakage and improves sealing performance.

Supports heavy-duty design. Some models (such as 4WE10 series) have larger valve core diameters and can withstand higher pressure and flow. They are suitable for heavy-duty machinery such as ships and injection molding machines.

Flexible control

By controlling the energizing sequence of the electromagnet, the oil flow direction can be switched bidirectionally (such as P→A/B→T or P→B/A→T).

Supports center function selection (such as Y-shaped center closed cylinder with two chambers) to meet the needs of different working conditions.

Easy maintenance

The electromagnetic coil can be rotated and replaced for easy maintenance and upgrades.

Some models can be equipped with optional non-contact position detection function to achieve accurate control.

III. Application scenarios

Industrial automation

Control the movement direction of the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor to realize action switching of mechanical arms, punch presses and other equipment.

Engineering machinery

Hydraulic systems used in excavators, loaders and other equipment to control the flow of oil to drive working devices (such as buckets and booms).

Metallurgical mining

Control hydraulic actuators in high-pressure and high-temperature environments to ensure stable operation of equipment.

Ships and Injection Molding Machines

Due to its high flow and high pressure characteristics, the 4WE10 series is suitable for heavy-load scenarios such as ship steering gears and injection molding machine hydraulic systems.