The function of 4WE10 single-head solenoid reversing valve

The 4WE10 single-head electromagnetic directional valve is a key directional control component in the hydraulic system. Its core function is to drive the spool movement through electromagnetic force to switch the flow direction of hydraulic oil, thereby controlling the start, stop and movement direction of hydraulic actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors). The following is an analysis from four aspects: functional principles, structural characteristics, application scenarios and maintenance points:

1. Functional principle: electromagnetic drive realizes oil circuit switching

The 4WE10 single-head solenoid directional valve is an electromagnetic-operated directional spool valve. Its working principle is based on the synergy of electromagnets and springs:

Power-off state: The valve core is held in the middle position by the return spring, and the hydraulic oil circuit is in the initial state (such as P port and T port connected, A port and B port closed).

Energized state: The electromagnet generates a magnetic field after being energized, attracting the valve core to move to the terminal position against the spring force, changing the oil circuit connection (such as P port connected to A port, B port connected to T port), allowing hydraulic oil to flow to the actuator, driving its movement.

Power-off reset: After the electromagnet is powered off, the spring force pushes the valve core back to the middle position, and the oil circuit returns to its initial state.

Technical advantages:

Fast response: Electromagnetic drive has no mechanical transmission chain and short response time (usually ≤0.05 seconds), which is suitable for high-frequency commutation scenarios.

Accurate control: By adjusting the electromagnet current, the valve core displacement can be fine-tuned and the system control accuracy can be improved.

Leakage-free design: It adopts a closed cavity structure, and electromagnetic force acts on the iron core sealed in the magnetic isolation casing to avoid dynamic seal leakage problems.

2. Structural features: Modular design improves reliability

The structural design of the 4WE10 single-head solenoid directional valve takes into account both performance and maintenance convenience:

Valve body and valve core: The valve body is made of high-strength cast iron or stainless steel, and the valve core is a slide valve structure. The surface is precision ground to reduce the friction coefficient and extend the service life.

Electromagnet components:

Detachable coil: The solenoid coil supports rapid rotation and replacement, and can be maintained without disassembling the valve body, reducing downtime.

Wet/dry type optional: Wet type electromagnet is suitable for oil environment and has better dustproof and waterproof performance; dry type electromagnet is suitable for dry environment and has lower cost.

Sealing system:

Main seal: Use nitrile rubber (NBR) or fluorine rubber (FKM) sealing ring, adapt to the temperature range of -30°C to +80°C, and be compatible with mineral oil, phosphate ester and other media.

Dust cover: An optional dust cover can prevent the intrusion of external impurities and extend the life of the seal.

Electrical connection: Supports individual wiring or centralized wiring to adapt to different control system requirements.

3. Application scenarios: heavy-duty machinery and automation equipment

4. The 4WE10 single-head solenoid directional valve is widely used in the following scenarios due to its high pressure resistance and large flow characteristics:

Ship hydraulic system: controls the oil circuit switching of steering gear and deck machinery, adapting to high salt spray and high vibration conditions in the marine environment.

Injection molding machine: adjust the oil flow direction of mold closing, injection, ejection and other actions to ensure accurate synchronization of mold opening and closing and plastic filling.

Engineering machinery: Control the expansion and contraction of hydraulic cylinders in excavators and loaders to achieve flexible operation of booms and buckets.

Automated production line: Integrated into robots, stamping machines and other equipment to achieve rapid reversal and positioning control.

Typical parameters:

Nominal pressure: 32MPa (some models can reach 35MPa), suitable for high-pressure hydraulic systems.

Rated flow: 320L/min, meeting large flow requirements.

Medium temperature: -30℃ to +80℃, suitable for extreme working conditions.

4. Maintenance points: key measures to extend service life

In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the 4WE10 single-head solenoid directional valve, the following maintenance regulations need to be followed:

Regular inspection:

Appearance: Check the valve body, solenoid coil and seals every month for damage and oil leakage.

Sound: Monitor for abnormal sounds during operation. Sharp sounds may indicate damage to the rolling elements, and rustling sounds may indicate the intrusion of impurities.

Lubrication management:

Grease filling: The filling amount is controlled at 1/3 to 1/2 of the internal space of the valve body to avoid excessive mixing heat.

Lubrication cycle: Replace the grease every 200-300 hours during continuous operation. Replace immediately when the grease turns black, agglomerates or contains metal powder.

Cleaning protection:

Cleaning after operation: Use high-pressure air (pressure ≤ 0.6MPa) to blow away sediment, straw and other debris on the surface of the valve body and the oil port. Direct flushing with water or steam is prohibited.

Long-term parking: Apply a thin layer of anti-rust oil to the surface of the valve body, wrap it with plastic film, and store it in a dry, clean room (relative humidity ≤ 65%).

Troubleshooting:

Commutation failure: Check whether the electromagnet coil is open circuit and whether the spring is broken. If necessary, replace the electromagnet or spring.

Internal leakage: Check whether the mating surface of the valve core and valve seat is worn. If the scratch depth exceeds 0.1mm, the valve core needs to be replaced.

Operating specifications:

Avoid energizing at the same time: For dual-solenoid models, it is strictly prohibited to energize both coils at the same time, otherwise the coils will be burned.

Independent oil return pipe: The oil return pipe needs to be set up separately to avoid multiple solenoid valves sharing the oil return pipe and causing oil shock and misoperation.