Single-head solenoid directional valve: how to control fluid in hydraulic systems

The single-head electromagnetic directional valve controls the movement of the valve core through electromagnetic force to control the flow direction, flow rate, speed and other parameters of the fluid in the hydraulic system. Its working principle and control method are as follows:

How it works

Basic structure: Single-head solenoid directional valve is mainly composed of valve body, valve core, spring, armature and solenoid coil. There is a closed cavity in the valve body. According to actual needs, holes are opened in different positions of the cavity to communicate with the outside. Each hole will be connected to the corresponding pipeline. A valve core is installed in the middle of the cavity. The valve core and the armature are integrated, and an electromagnet and a spring are installed on each side.

Electromagnetic control: When the electromagnet is energized, it will generate a certain electromagnetic force. When this electromagnetic force exceeds the elastic force of the spring, it will attract the valve core and control the opening or closing of the external hole through the movement of the valve core. When the solenoid coil is powered on and off, the valve core will move left and right, and the spring will act as a buffer to prevent the valve core from exerting too much impact on the valve body.

Fluid control: Through the movement of the valve core, the single-head solenoid directional valve can change the flow direction of the fluid in the hydraulic system. For example, in the hydraulic cylinder control system, the electromagnetic reversing valve can control the hydraulic oil to enter different ports of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby promoting the movement of the piston and achieving motion control of the mechanical device.

Control method

Electrical signal control: The electrical signal of the single-head electromagnetic reversing valve is sent by electrical components such as button switches, limit switches, and travel switches in hydraulic equipment. When these electrical components send out signals, the solenoid coil is energized to generate electromagnetic force, which attracts the valve core to move, thereby changing the flow direction of the fluid.

Multi-position control: According to the working position of the valve core in the valve body, single-head solenoid directional valves can be divided into two-position, three-position, etc. A two-position valve means that the valve core has two working positions, and a three-position valve means that the valve core has three working positions. Through different working positions, the solenoid directional valve can achieve more complex fluid control functions.

Multi-channel control: According to the number of main oil channels connected to the valve body, single-head solenoid directional valves can be divided into two-way, three-way, four-way, etc. The multi-channel design allows the electromagnetic reversing valve to control the on-off and flow directions of multiple oil channels at the same time, meeting the complex control requirements in the hydraulic system.

Application advantages

Sensitivity and accuracy: The single-head electromagnetic reversing valve has high sensitivity and accuracy, can quickly respond to changes in electrical signals, and accurately control the flow direction and flow rate of the fluid.

Strong adaptability: The single-head solenoid directional valve can adapt to the needs of a variety of operating environments, including high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, low pressure and other harsh working conditions.

Easy to integrate: The single-head solenoid directional valve can be used in conjunction with electronic, mechanical, hydraulic and other control systems to achieve automatic control of the hydraulic system. This improves the production efficiency and work quality of mechanical equipment, and reduces the cost and error of manual operations.